First, it was Mad Cow Disease. I clapped my hands together and said, “Yes, I’m a vegetarian!” Then it was West Nile Virus. I made an outfit out of mosquito netting, got a lifetime supply of repellant, and then clapped my hands together. Soon after came the bird flu. The vegetarian sentiment was exclaimed yet again with more hand clapping.
Now this. Swine flu is here, but I can’t clap. I won’t get it from eating swine, so no vegetarian clapping. I can’t stop myself from breathing, nor can I get around in NYC without being next to some person who may have it. Swine flu has decided it wants to one up all the other possible pandemics and be airborne. And unlike the other illnesses – which you could only catch from contact with an infected animal – swine flu can move from animal to human and then from human to human.
There seems to be a lot of chaos and confusion involved with this swine flu, especially since yesterday when the United States suffered its first fatality in Texas. So I have the information straight from the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene about what we all need to know about swine flu. This can benefit you even if you don’t live in NYC. Just know that you need to stay clean, stay protected, and DON’T TOUCH ANYONE!
Swine Flu: What New Yorkers Need to Know
What is swine influenza?
Swine flu is a respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses that regularly cause outbreaks in pigs. There have been reports of serious illness and deaths due to swine flu in Mexico, but the recently confirmed cases in the United States have been mild.
What are the symptoms of swine influenza?
Swine flu symptoms appear to be similar to the symptoms of regular human flu and include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, lethargy, headache, chills and fatigue. Some people have reported diarrhea and vomiting associated with swine flu.
How does swine influenza spread?
Swine flu viruses can be directly transmitted between pigs and people. Human-to-human transmission is also possible, and appears to be occurring with this outbreak. Spread is mainly through coughing or sneezing. People may become infected by touching something with flu viruses on it and then touching their mouth or nose.
Who is at risk for swine influenza?
Anyone who has contact with an infected person may be exposed to swine flu. Human transmission is thought to occur in the same way as seasonal flu: through aerosolized particles that are released when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
How can I protect myself from swine influenza?
Here are the best ways to avoid getting or spreading swine influenza:
Encourage all people to cover their mouth and nose when they cough or sneeze.
Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze. Alcohol-based hand cleaners are also effective.
Try to avoid close contact with sick people.
If you get sick, limit contact with others to avoid infecting them.
These are the same protections as those for seasonal flu and many other respiratory infections.
What should I do if I have flu-like symptoms?
If you develop fever, accompanied by a cough or sore throat, should stay home from work or school for at least 7 days, no matter how soon they feel better. In addition, you should not return until a day or two after you have fully recovered. Wash your hands frequently. And, as always, cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze. You do not need to go to the hospital for mild illness, but anyone with severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, should seek health care and treatment immediately.
Should I be tested for swine flu?
Knowing you have swine flu will not affect the treatment you receive, but testing certain affected people can help health authorities track the spread of the disease. Diagnosis of swine flu requires two sets of laboratory tests. The Health Department recommends testing only when people experience severe symptoms or fall sick in clusters. The laboratory tests require only a nasal swab.
Is there a vaccine for swine flu?
At this time, there is no vaccine for swine flu. The season influenza vaccine does not provide protection against swine flu. This makes ordinary precautions, such as covering coughs and washing hands, all the more important.
If I experience flu symptoms, do I need medication?
The antiviral medicines Tamiflu (oseltamivir) and Relenza (zanamivir) can help alleviate swine flu symptoms, and are particularly important for people with severe illness or with risk factors for complications from flu. Groups that are normally at higher risk of complications include young children, the elderly, and people with chronic illness. Flu patients who belong to those risk groups should seek treatment. Treatment may also be appropriate for household members with special risk factors, to help prevent the infection.
What are the signs of more severe illness with swine flu?
While the current swine influenza cases have been mild so far, infected individuals should still be aware of some of the more severe illness with swine flu. If you become ill and experience any of the following warning signs, seek emergency medical care.
In children emergency warning signs that need urgent medical attention include:
Fast breathing or trouble breathing
Bluish skin color
Not drinking enough fluids
Not waking up or not interacting
Being so irritable that the child does not want to be held
Flu-like symptoms improve but then return with fever and worse cough
Fever with a rash
In adults, symptoms that need emergency medical attention include:
Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
Pain or pressure in the chest or abdomen
Sudden dizziness
Confusion
Severe or persistent vomiting
What should I do if someone I live with is sick with flu-like symptoms?
If the symptoms are severe, the person should see a medical provider. If the affected person has had close contact with a probable or confirmed case of swine flu, the provider may suggest testing for swine flu.
What should I do if someone I live with has confirmed swine flu?
Follow the same precautions you would to avoid ordinary seasonal flu:
Limit your contact with the affected person. Avoid close contact such as kissing, and do not share towels, glasses or toothbrushes with the affected person.
Avoid having visitors. If visitors must enter the home, they should avoid close contact with the affected person.
Wash your hands with soap and water or with an alcohol-based hand rub.
Consider using a facemask or an N95 respirator. These can be purchased at a pharmacy or hardware-type store. If you use a reusable fabric facemask, it should be laundered with normal laundry detergent and tumble-dried in a hot dryer.
Wash dirty dishes and eating utensils in either a dishwasher or by hand with warm water and soap. You do not need to separate eating utensils for use by a patient with influenza.
It is fine to do your laundry in a standard washing machine with warm or cold water and detergent. It is not necessary to separate the patient’s laundry.
Can household cleaning help prevent transmission?
Yes. To help prevent transmission, all hard surfaces, such as doorknobs, refrigerator door handles, telephones, and bathroom surfaces, should be washed with soap or detergent, rinsed with water and then disinfected and rinsed. Disinfectants are those with “registered disinfectant” on the label. If disinfectants are not available, use a chlorine bleach solution made by adding 1 tablespoon of bleach to a quart (4 cups) of water. Use a cloth to apply this to surfaces and then rinse them with water. Dispose of the used bleach solution and mix a fresh solution when repeating the cleaning process. Use sanitizer cloths to wipe electronic items (phones, computes, remote controls) that are touched often.
What can I do if my anxiety about the situation feels overwhelming?
During the outbreak of Swine Flu in New York City, you and your family may experience more stress than usual. Such a reaction is normal. If your stress feels overwhelming, consider seeking professional help. You can also call 800-LIFENET, a 24-hour, 7-day-a-week crisis hotline. LifeNet is staffed by mental-health professionals who speak a variety of languages.
English: 800-LIFENET (800-543-3638)
Spanish: 877-AYUDESE (877-298-33730)
Asian languages: 877-990-8585
Deaf/Hearing Impaired (TTY): 212-982-5284 or www.mhaofnyc.org.
Seeking information is healthy, but watching report after report about swine flu may be distressing, especially for children. Parents should limit children’s news-watching, watch the news with their children, and talk to them about the events that are occurring.
I was in Mexico recently. Does that mean I’m at risk?
Not necessarily, but you should pay close attention to your health for the first 7 days after you return home. If you become sick with a fever and a cough or sore throat, or you have trouble breathing during this period, see a doctor. When you make the appointment, tell the doctor:
Your symptoms
Where you traveled
If you have had close contact with a sick person or farm animals.
Should I send my children to school?
Yes. The Health Department will work with school officials to assess clusters of flu-like illness within schools. The agency may recommend suspending classes when the risk of transmission appears high – even before confirming the cause of illness. Some schools may also make that decision on their own out of an abundance of caution. But there is currently no reason to keep healthy children home from school unless they are sick.
What is the Health Department doing about the swine flu outbreaks in New York City?
Testing has confirmed a cluster of swine flu at St. Francis Preparatory School in Queens, but all of the cases have been mild. Some family members of ill children have become ill, suggesting that it’s spreading person to person at this time. We don’t know if this spread will be sustained.
The New York City Health Department is closely monitoring health trends in New York City for evidence of a wider outbreak. Agency officials are also speaking regularly with all hospitals in New York City. The hospitals have not reported evidence of citywide increases in severe respiratory illness.
*alet alecia*